PHYS 7850/3850
STATISTICAL AND THERMAL PHYSICS
Syllabus
Prerequisite: Phys 2211-2212 or
equivalent.
Textbook: Roger Bowley and Mariana Sanchez,
Introductory Statistical Mechanics, Oxford University Press,
Oxford, New York, 1999 or later.
Contents:
1. Thermodynamics: Introduction and the First Law
- Definitions
- Macroscopic and microscopic description
- Partitions (walls): adiabatic vs.
diathermal, rigid vs. flexible, etc.
- Equilibria and principal possibility of a
process as fundamental problems of thermodynamics
- Internal energy, work and heat.
- Perfect and imperfect differentials
- Isothermal and adiabatic processes
- Carnot cycle
2. Entropy and the Second Law
- The Second Law
- Carnot theorem.
- Entropy as a function of state
- Entropy and the Second Law
- Maximum of entropy and equilibrium.
- Fundamental relations. Entropy of ideal gas.
- Energy and enthalpy (heat function)
- Van der Waals fluid.
- Mixing ideal gases. Entropy of mixture.
- Joule process (expansion into vacuum)
- Maximum work theorem.
- Equilibria and maximum of entropy
- Thermodynamic identities.
Maxwell identities. Reduction of derivatives,
method of Jacobians.*
3. Introduction to Statistics
- Probability: intuitive and axiomatic formulations
- Independent and mutually excluding events
- Combinatorial probability: Arrangements,
permutations, and combinations
- Distributions
4. Introduction to Statistical Mechanics
- Statistical expression for entropy
- Entropy of spins on a lattice
- Entropy for vacancies in a crystal
- The second law and thermodynamic fluctuations
5. Gibbs Method: Canonical Ensemble
- Entropy and the number of available sates for an
isolated system (microcanonical ensemble).
Microcanonical distribution.
- System in contact with thermal reservoir. Entropy
and Gibbs distribution.
- Alternative way to derive the Gibbs idtribution:
Principle of maximum disorder
- Boltzmann formula for entropy
- Partition function. Helmholtz free energy
and thermodynamics.
- Two-level system
- Monatomic ideal gas.
- Rotational and vibrational contributions.
- Equipartition
- Thermodynamic equilibria and minima of potentials
- Einstein and Debye heat
capacity.*
6-8. Identical particles
- Identical particles in quantum mechanics.
- Pauli theorem on spin and statistics. Fermi-Dirac and
Bose-Einstein statistics.
- Molecule with identical atoms
- Classical ideal gas and Maxwell distribution
- Black body radiation (photon gas) and Planck
distribution.
- Thermodynamics of the photon gas.
- Einstein and Debye heat capacity of solids
9,10. Gibbs method: Grand Canonical Ensemble
- Chemical equilibria and chemical potentials
- Grand canonical ensemble and the grand canonical
potential (or, grand potential).
- Fermi gas. Grand partition function. Fermi
distribution and Fermi energy.
- Thermodynamic properties at T=0 and
T<<EF.
- Application to
astrophysics. Equilibria of stars.*
- Bose systems. Bose condensation.
- Black body radiation revisited. Photons and
Planck distribution.
4. Dielectric and magnetic systems*
- Polarization and
electrostatic energy.*
- Dielectrics with fixed
external potentials. Free energy of dielectrics.*
- Microscopic models of
dielectrics. Rigid and induced dipoles.*
- Thomas-Fermi approximation
for interacting electron gas. Debye screening.
Plasmons.*
- Thermodynamics of
magnetics.
- Pauli paramegnetism and
Landau diamagnetism. Quantum oscillations.*
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